Optical
color is more of an optical illusion than a stylistic representation in art. The idea of optical
color is that the eye can fill in images and create colors that aren't truly there. So, when a
piece of art has lines, dots, or images close together of differing colors, the brain may meld
the colors together to create a different one (many small red and blue dots close together would
give the impression of the color purple). So, optical color is tricking the brain into seeing
colors that are not present.
Arbitrary color is different in that it is
stylistic in intent. Essentially, the artist chooses an arbitrary color for an object to
represent something else or to simply subvert expectations. Abstract artists are known to do
this, using wildly different colors for common images to subvert
expectations.
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