What propaganda technique is Napoleon using to get the animals to believe that Snowball is the cause of all of Animal Farms problems?

The
specific propaganda technique thatuses to manipulate the animals into believing thatis a
vengeful enemy of the farm and the cause of all the farm's problems is
scapegoating. Scapegoating is a popular propaganda technique where
people deflect blame from themselves and attribute it to others. Napoleon utilizes scapegoating
by blaming Snowball for the destruction of the windmill instead of taking responsibility for its
collapse and admitting that there were faults in its construction. Anytime the farm experiences
issues or Napoleon makes a catastrophic political mistake, he blames Snowball for it. By using
Snowball as a scapegoat, Napoleon not only shifts the blame from himself but also continues to
paint Snowball as the enemy. The animals are led to believe that Snowball is dedicated to the
fall of , while Napoleon is an honorable, courageous leader. Napoleon also utilizes the
propaganda technique of name-calling by referring to Snowball as a "traitor" and
"criminal." Napoleon's name-calling propaganda allows him to tarnish and ruin
Snowball's reputation, as the other animals begin to perceive him as the ultimate enemy of the
farm.