How did the Cherokee attempt to resist removal by the United States?

United
States settlers coveted the land belonging to the Cherokee people in Georgia, North and South
Carolina, Tennessee, and Alabama long before the forced removal of these Native American people
in the atrocity that came to be known as the Trail of Tears. The problem became more acute when
white settlers realized the high agricultural value of the land, and especially after the
Georgia Gold Rush, which began in 1829.

The Cherokee generally attempted to
resist removal by the United States through negotiations and legal proceedings. In 1825, the
Cherokee established a capital in Georgia, created a written constitution, and declared
themselves a sovereign nation. In 1830, when the state of Georgia attempted to confiscate
Cherokee lands, the case went all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court in two separate cases. The
court refused to hear The Cherokee Nation v. Georgia because the Native
Americans were not looked upon as an independent nation. However in Worchester v.
State of Georgia , the...