There were a
number of factors that allowed the Assyrians to become the most feared fighting unit in the
world. Geography, especially the lack of natural protection from attack played an important
role. The Assyrians came to realize that their survival depended on a strong
national defense. King Tiglath Pileser III established, by decree, a standing
professional army that would be composed of highly trained
professional soldiers. The idea of a soldier working in the military as a full-time profession
was unique in the ancient world. This army was also the
best-equipped outfit in the entire world, particularly because of
their ability to produce a wide range of iron weapons.
Another aspect of the
Assyrian army that led to its success was the specialization of
jobs within the military. Some of these positions included infantry, bowmen,
charioteers, and engineers. The Assyrians also benefited from a reputation for
brutality. This allowed the Assyrians to grab territories without even having to
fight a battle.
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