Nietzsche, an atheist,
argued that the idea of God died as a result of the Enlightenment and its focus on science and
empiricism, which is the belief that knowledge results from experience, especially sensory
experience. We have to be able to sense (see, smell, hear, touch, or taste) something to know
that it is true or real. Since we cannot know God in this way, the idea of God "died,"
so to speak. The world of seems likewise godless, but it appears that what
has replaced God as an all-powerful being is not science, but money.
As an
economic system, capitalism privileges only what can be turned into currency, or capital. Before
Gregor Samsa's transformation, he worked all the time: traveling away from home, eating
unappetizing food on the road, and staying alone in strange hotels, all without time or energy
to devote to relationships or anything else that might make his life more fulfilling or
satisfying. After his transformation, his family quickly begins to think of him as a burden
because he can no longer contribute to their financial well-being. He brings in no money, and
since money is like a new god that everyone must serve, Gregor is eventually ignored by them at
best or even abused by them at worst. Thus, Kafka extendsor perhaps even revisesNietzsche's idea
that science is the new God by suggesting that money is, in fact, the new
God.
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