The "old
Turk" refers to the deposed Turkish sultan, Achmet III, whomeets in Chapter 26. It is clear
that Achmet, and the other five former kings and rulers with whom Candide finds him, is used
byto satirise the aristorcracy, and in particular, the feeling they have that it is their
"right" to rule. Note how Achmet III introduces himself to Candide:
I was Grand Sultan for many years; I dethroned my brother, my nephew
dethroned me, my viziers lost their heads, and I am condemned to end my days in the old
seraglio. My nephew, the Grand Sultan Mahomet, gives me permission to travel sometimes for my
health, and I am come to spend the Carnival at Venice.
Although figures such as this deposed Sultan and the other kings believe that they possess the
right to rule because of...
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