Use examples to explain open and closed environments in a management information system (M.I.S).

There is a
difference between opened and closed environments in a management information system. In an open
environment, the various components of an organization will communicate and share information
with each other and possibly with others outside of the organization. This could include sharing
information, ideas, and even resources. In an open system, an organization will take inputs from
within and from outside the organization, and its actions will produce outputs that impact the
internal environment and the environment outside of the organization. An open environment is
more flexible than a closed environment.

In a closed system, there is very
little sharing between the various components of the organization and certainly little to no
interaction with the environment outside of the organization. Each component performs its
functions without communicating its activities to the other components of the organization.
Sometimes, the need for a closed environment exists if the organization is working on developing
a new product, idea, or concept.

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