What is the obstacle or problem that Calvinists face to which Edwards makes references in the sermon?

The
emergence of colonial culture that was becoming more secular in nature became the central
challenge for ministers of the Second Great Awakening like Edwards.  The limitations of
Puritanism had been exposed with the Salem Witchcraft Trials, where a theocratic form of
government had been exposed as lacking a sense of progressivism and overall modernity.  At the
same time, colonial culture had begun to grow and with it was increasing economic prosperity. 
As the culture had developed, greater literacy and embodiment of Enlightenment principles.  All
of these factors had begun to whittle away at the importance and role that religion had
occupied, and Edwards, along with other ministers from the Great Awakening movement, had
become...