How do Scout and Jem change during the course of the novel? from To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee

stands among many
novels in a genre often give the name of Bildungsroman, or the novel of
maturation.  In such a novel, the central character(s) are taken from an ingenuous state and
brought to an experienced and enlightened state, resulting from a series of misadventures which
compose the narration.  In the three years with which the novel is concerned,comes to abandon
her childish superstitions of "haints" and spectres such asand Mrs. Dubose; and,
she learns to accept people for who they are as individuals and not according to the gossips or
stereotypes.  She also learns  about religious and racial prejudice, as well as learning much
about her own father, whom she at one time has viewed "as a feeble old man."

Both Scout and  learn about virtues, also.  From Mrs. Dubose, , and Boo Radley, she
apprehends the real meaning of courage.  For instance, after Mrs. Dubose withdraws from morphine
and dies with nothing for her pain, Atticus tells Jem who has been reading to her until shortly
before her death,

I wanted you to see what real courage
is, instead of getting the idea that courage is a man with a gun in his hand.

The children learn about fortitude from their father, as well, when
he shoots the rabid dog, and when he takes on the case for Tom Robinson, saying that he could
not face his children if he does not do so.  When the mob comes to the jail, Atticus does not
waiver in his defense of Tom's right to a trial.

Aware from his father that
justice should be administered regardless of race and class, the idealistic Jem undergoes a
maturation after the trial of Tom Robinson as he is faced with the incongruity of what is
right with reality.   Scout also learns about hypocrisy when the Missionary Society feigns
concern for the natives in Africa while they criticize their maids.  On his part, Jem learns of
hypocrisy, too.  He also learns to act maturely.  For instance, when Jem tells Atticus that Dill
is in their house, Scout becomes angry with him for "telling on Dill," but Jem
maturely realizes that Dill's mother wil be worried when she discovers that he is
missing.

Both Scout and Jem, as well as their friend, Dill, learn several
moral lessons in To Kill a Mockingbird.  As she stands on the Radley porch, after having learned
to "consider things from his point of view," Scout even concludes that there is little
else for her and Jem to learn--except, perhaps, algebra.