In 1984, is Julia a spy? Please provide specific examples from the book. My teacher says that he knows of 17 pieces of evidence which proves that Julia...

There
is some evidence to suggest thatwas a spy throughout 's classic novel .
Julia portrays herself as a loyal admirer of Big Brother and is a celebrated member of the
Junior Anti-Sex League. In addition to her stellar pro-Big Brother background, Julia claims to
have slept with numerous Party members on a regular basis and is a relatively outspoken
political dissident. Julia's reckless behavior would have surely been detected before meeting
Winston, and she would more than likely have been murdered or brainwashed in the Ministry of
Love. The fact that Julia is still alive and...

What are examples of double entrende in To Kill a Mockingbird?

A double
entendre is a statement that has a double meaning: a surface meaning and secondary (usually more
important meaning).

In his closing statement to the jury at the end of the
Tom Robinson trial,says to the jury that the case should never have come to court. He then
states:

This case is as simple as black and
white.

This is an example of a double entendre. On a
surface level, it means the case is completely simplistic and obvious, as easy to determine as
the difference between such opposite colors as black and white. It is all clear-cut as far as
Atticus is concerned: the evidence shows clearly that Tom Robinson, because of his useless left
arm, couldn't have committed the rape as it has been described by Mayella and her
father.

However, the statement also means that the case is as simple as race:
it is a matter of a black man being accused of raping a white woman. If Tom Robinson hadn't been
black and Mayella white, the case would never have come to trial. In this meaning of the
statement, Atticus is asking the jury to understand the racist implications of what is going on.
It comes down to a man being accused of a crime simply because he is
black.

Why does George lie to the boss about his relationship with Lennie in Of Mice and Men?

lies to the boss because if he realizes that s mental deficiency is a
threat they wont get the job.

George lies and tells the boss
that Lennie is his cousin, and that they left the job in Weed because it was done.  George tells
the boss that Lennie is not smart, but does not tell him hes mentally challenged.

When the men arrive at the ranch, they are already in trouble because they were late. 
The boss is not happy about it.  He asks them questions, but only George answers them.  The boss
begins to get suspicious.

George broke in loudly,
"Oh! I ain't saying he's bright. He ain't. But I say he's a God damn good worker. He can
put up a four hundred pound bale." (ch 2)

The boos
thinks that Gerge might be taking Lennies pay because he is talking for Lennie.  He assumes that
since George seems to be in control, he is taking advantage of Lennie. 

George has to be careful, because if he annoys the boss they might not get the job.  He needs to
walk the fine line of...

Please explain what Emma means by saying the following to Mr. Knightly in Vol 2 Chapter 8 of Emma by Jane Austen. "Yes I should, I am sure I should....

The
explanation of 's remarks lies in Knightley's circumstances and inner
character as well as in the immediate situation.
Happily, Austen summarizes Emma's view of Knightley's circumstances and inner being two
paragraphs ahead of your quotation. She also privileges us to an account of Emma's
opinion on Knightley's circumstance and inner traits.

Knightley, the Austen-narrator tells us, has more health and independence
than he has spare wealth (this is
not to say he is in any way in tight financial
straits like Mr. Bennet of ), thus he prefers the exercise of walking to
the expense of keeping a carriage horse solely to pull his carriage. Emma disapproves of this
physical sacrifice of the dignity of his position as the chief gentleman of the district and the
lord of Donwell Abbey. Emma prefers to see him arrive at places in state, looking well kempt,
not disheveled by...

What are the post-colonial themes in Robinson Crusoe?

When
reading it's all too easy to overlook the uncomfortable fact that the lead
character's actually a slave-trader. And it is in this capacity that Crusoe heads off to Africa
in search of lucrative human cargo. But before then he ends up being sold into slavery himself.
It's somewhat telling, however, that even this first-hand experience doesn't persuade Crusoe
that slavery is a moral abomination. No sooner does he escape captivity than he's off on his
travels once more, looking to buy some slaves for his Brazilian sugar plantation. It is during
this voyage that Crusoe is shipwrecked and ends up stranded on a desert island.

One would've thought that Crusoe's own experiences might have brought home to him just
how morally repugnant it is to enslave another human being. That they don't is testimony to the
extraordinary power that colonialist ideology has on him. Crusoe doesn't believe that slavery is
wrong per se; it's only wrong if the "wrong" people are enslaved, i.e....

What are some examples of symbolism in the story and what is the story's theme?

Some of
the examples of symbolism in "" are:  The necklace is a symbol of wealth and power for
Madame Loisel.  This represents a world she longs to be in but will never be able to reach.  The
apartment that she lives in with her husband is a constant reminder of what she feels is a
miserable life that she doesn't deserve and that she was not born to.  Another symbol is the
sholder wrap her husband went to put on her shoulders after the reception which again was a
reality check as to who she really was and her social class in life.  She was ashamed to have
her husband put it on her with the beautiful dress and necklace she was wearing.  It was a total
contradiction of who she was trying or posing to be.

Is Boori Ma a real durwan or not in "A Real Durwan" in Interpreter of Maladies, by Jhumpa Lahiri, and why or why not?

"Durwan" is a word comprised of
Urdu, Hindi and Persian roots. According to Oxford Dictionary, it means a porter or doorkeeper,
yet in many cases, like Boori Ma's, durwans may only be cleaning women. These sorts of
doorkeepers can be found all around India, where they are called durwans, as well as all over
Europe, where they are often called "concierges" (this is similar to yet very
different from the concierges found in hotels). At the best levels, this sort of porter or
doorkeeper lives-in and oversees order in the building and cleans all the public areas. In
buildings where only rooms are rented, they clean water closets, bathing rooms and kitchens. In
Boori Ma's case, in the old building with cramped quarters, she is there to clean the public
stairs to the different floors and the different renters' dwellings.

"I live in two broken rooms, married to a man who sells toilet
parts." Mrs. Dalal turned away...

To be a real
durwan in this scenario one has to fulfill actual duties and implied duties. The actual duty for
Boori Ma is to sweep the stairs and keep the public areas in order. Boori Ma's implied duties
are the same as for higher level durwan and for European concierges: they ensure none but
residents and residents' guests enter the building. This is an important function for
doorkeeper: they keep the safety of the premises by restricting who enters the doors. According
to this, Boori Ma is a "real' durwan. She performs actual and implied her duties and, for
doing so correctly, she is given a place to sleep "underneath the letter boxes where she
lived."

Trouble comes to Boori Ma with the promotion and vacation of the
Dalal family. Everyone in the building is jealously inspired to make improvements because of the
improvements the Dalals made, even adding a public sink to the stairway. Boori Ma is anxious
"restless on the roof" because of the Dalals absence. She begins "circling the
neighborhood" going further each day and incautiously spending her savings on"small
treats"  at the surrounding shops (until she is robbed at the Bow Bazaar). The trouble
comes for her because, while she is out wandering, she is not being a diligent durwan since she
is not in the building guarding who comes in and out of the gate and doors. Had she been there,
it is presumed that she would not have allowed the thieves to pass, therefore, they could not
have stolen. The residents are irate and blame Boori Ma for not being diligent and thinking of
her duties above her own pleasure. In fury, they also blame her for helping the robbers by
giving them information.

This is hard criticism because all they give her is
a place for sleeping in exchange for sweeping the "stairs top to bottom." Nonetheless,
since she was away from the stairs and the gate and the door, and since thieves entered the
building, robbing and damaging it, Boori Ma is accused of failing and of therefore not being a
"real" durwan because a "real" durwan would not have abandoned her duty.
This is a cruel twist of situationally ironic fate because, after all her service and her own
robbery, her restless, aimless wandering leads to disaster and her looming destitution. It also
leads to the false accusations of complicity with the robbers. Thus, to the residents, she is
not a "real" durwan because a "real" durwan would never sidestep duty and
thus would never fall under suspicion of helping robbers.

   "This is all her doing," one of them hollered, pointing at Boori Ma.
"She informed the robbers. Where was she when she was supposed to guard the
gate?"
   "For days she has been wandering the streets, speaking to
strangers," another retorted.
   "We shared our coal, gave her a place to
sleep. How could she betray us this way?" a third wanted to know.
   ...
"Believe me, believe me. I did not inform the robbers."

What is a good quote for the theme of "trust" in Animal Farm?

In 's
anti-authoritarian novel , the theme of trust, and particularly how trust
is weaponized by politicians and governments, is central to the novel. Whenfirmly tells the
other animals

No one believes more firmly than Comradethat
all animals are equal. He would be only too happy to let you make your decisions for yourselves.
But sometimes you might make the wrong decisions, comrades, and then where should we
be?

he is insisting that the animals trust that Napoleon
knows what is best and that the animals should simply trust in Napoleon's ethics and strategies
rather than think for themselves. Rather than being encouraged...

In Pride and Prejudice, what does Jane Austen say about love with respect to the relationships between Elizabeth and Darcy, and Jane and Bingley?

To some
extent,and 's relationship shows Lizzie andthe path of true love. There's little doubt that,
right from the outset, these two lovebirds have fallen head over heels for each other. But with
Lizzie and Darcy it's a completely different story. They're held back from expressing their true
feelings by the twin vices of Darcy's pride and Lizzie's prejudice. To make matters even more
complicated, there's quite a large gulf in social class between them.

Darcy's social snobbery and standoffishness initially prevent him from enjoying a meaningful
relationship with Lizzie. By the same token, Lizzie's put off Darcy by his cold, aloof demeanor.
Yet Jane and Bingley's love...

What part does the gypsy woman play in Santiago's journey in The Alchemist? Describe the cause and effect of her interaction with him.

The
gypsy woman has an incredibly small amount of actual page time in ;
however, her importance to Santiago's journey is huge.

On the surface, the
gypsy woman does little more than interpret Santiago's dream, yet this hugely affects Santiago
because it provides him with the necessary push to get himself going to actually do something
about achieving a future treasure. Her push causes Santiago to react. From a physics
perspective, she is the action, and Santiago's journey is the reaction.

It is
also important to note that the gypsy woman shows Santiago that his treasure won't be obtained
for free. She charges Santiago a tenth of the treasure that he hasn't yet obtained. Going after
this treasure is going to cost Santiago, and it does. Santiago learns quite frequently that
obtaining his personal legend is no easy feat, and he is tempted to give up due to the various
people he meets or those that actually seek to do him harm.

Take the crystal
merchant as an example. His advice is nearly the opposite of the gypsy woman's advice. She
encourages him to get going, but the crystal merchant shows Santiago a different perspective.
Stay put; don't go for the dream. If you achieve the dream, you no longer have the
dream:

"I'm afraid that if my dream is realized, I'll
have no reason to go on living."

Fortunately, he
perseveres, but without the gypsy woman causing that initial push, Santiago would likely not
have achieved all that he did.

In The Scarlet Letter, what was an example of Hester Prynne's penance?

does penance for her
sin by simply remaining in the colony in the first place. She could simply leave, go home or go
elsewhere in the colonies, and begin life anew with her daughter, but she chooses to
remain. 

Here, she said to herself, had been the scene of
her guilt, and here should be the scene of her earthly punishment; and so perchance, the torture
of her daily shame would at length purge her soul, and work out another purity than that which
she had lost; more saint-like, because the result of martyrdom.

Hester hopes that, by remaining in Boston, the process of atonement through the torture
of her shame and public punishment and humiliation will be more complete, so she will acquire a
certain kind of purity as a result. She's conscious it is her choice to stay, and she does so
with intention and purpose. She feels her daily shame in this place will eventually wipe clean
the sin from her soul, and though she can never be innocent of sin again, her choice to remain
will bring her a different kind of clarity and goodness.

Why did Lysander want to go to his aunt's house in Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream?

Lysander and
Hermia had been told by Theseus that they are forbidden to marry each other because Egeus,
Hermia's father, has decided she must marry Demetrius.

Hermia is in love with
Lysander, but under Athenian law her desires do not matter. A daughter is under the complete
control of her father and must marry the man he chooses for her. Although Hermia pleads with
Theseus a few days before his own marriage to see it her way, he will have none of it. He tells
her she must marry Demetrius or face either death or life in a convent.

As
one might expect, this makes Hermia very unhappy. However, Lysander mentions to her that he has
a widowed and wealthy aunt who lives outside of Athens. He suggests that, since he is like a son
to this aunt, she will accept him with open arms. The aunt lives outside of the jurisdiction of
Athens, so the two can freely marry there without having to fear repercussions. Lysander
explains the plan as follows:

I have a widow aunt, a
dowager

Of great revenue, and she hath no child.

From Athens is her house remote seven leagues,

And she
respects me as her only son.

There, gentle Hermia, may I marry
thee.

And to that place the sharp Athenian law

Cannot pursue us.

This plan makes Hermia
very happy, for she is not the type of person to take life lying down. She agrees to cross the
forest with Lysander, which, as we know, leads to many mishaps and adventures.

In The Epic of Gilgamesh, what does Gilgamesh gain from his epic quest? Does it change him?

ends as Gilgamesh is traveling home from his visit with Utnapishtim. Gilgamesh has lost the
magic plant that Utnapishtim gave him that conferred eternal youth, and Utnapishtim has told him
that an immortal life is not in store for him. When he returns to his city, Uruk, Gilgamesh has
a newfound appreciation for the beauty and sturdiness of the walled city he has built. The epic
states, "This too was the work of Gilgamesh, the king, who knew the countries of the world.
He was wise, he saw mysteries and knew secret things, he brought us a tale of the days before
the flood." Gilgamesh returns with a story of life before the flood, and he shares this
wisdom with his people. 

When Gilgamesh returns from his journey, he also
realizes that it is his destiny to rule wisely as a king but not to attain immortality. Enlil,
the father of the gods, had said of Gilgamesh's destiny, "You were given the kingship, such
was your destiny, everlasting life was not your destiny." Instead of trying to achieve
immortality, Gilgamesh turns his efforts to ruling as a wise and just king. He realizes that his
destiny is to be great on earth, not in a life of immortality, and he appreciates what he can do
as a mortal king. 

Is My Dungeon Shook still relevant today?

I
believe "" is still relevant, as is the other, longer essay included in 's
.

Most people would agree that the racial dynamic of the U.S.
today is not nearly as dysfunctional as it was in 1963, when Baldwin's essay was published.
Baldwin, in the letter addressed to his young nephew, was writing at a time when the Civil
Rights movement had begun only a few years before. The South at this time still had legalized
segregation of the races and severe discrimination against African Americans in voting, housing,
jobs, and access to public places. Though the northern states, even before the 1960's, no longer
had legal racial discrimination, the demographics of nearly all cities throughout the U.S.
showed that segregation was present everywhere, even if it was not backed up by specific
laws.

Much, of course, has changed since then, beginning with the Civil
Rights Act of 1964 and the ending of Jim Crow in the South. These events occurred shortly
after...

If the Admiral had never signed the order to unwind his own son, he never would have suffered the great guilt and finally decided to use the rest of...

This
is a tough question, and the answer is best left up to individual readers to defend.At the core
of this question is the debate between saving the one and saving the many.Because the Admiral's
son is unwound, thousands of kids are saved.If the Admiral saves his son, thousands of Unwinds
can't seek refuge at the Graveyard.

To answer the first question about
whether or not it was a good thing that the Admiral had his son unwound, I have to personally
say that it was not a good thing.I personally think that unwinding is a horrible thing.I
understand that the Unwind's parts go to save other people, but that is not the same thing as
current organ donation.A person has the choice to be a donor.A Unwind
doesn't have the choice.Somebody else made the choice for them.Unwinding ends the life of that
child, so in my opinion it is the same thing as murder.The Admiral's decision to have his son
unwound was morally reprehensible, and no amount of later saving work can undo that.

I'm not sure about the second part of the question.I don't know how he could undo his
choice short of time travel, but let's say that is an option.Yes, he should undo his choice and
save his son's life.That action wouldn't condemn those other Unwinds.They would still be left to
fend for themselves, and it is conceivably possible that another person steps into the Admiral's
former role.That is basic Butterfly Effect thinking.The Admiral saved his son which caused a
change, and that small change may have the effect of motivating another person to fill that
former role.The key is that the Admiral can't know any of those future possibilities.All he can
know is whether or not he is saving his son, and he should absolutely make the choice to save
his son.

How does Ruth support Walter in A Raisin in the Sun?

supports her husband by selflessly putting her own dreams and goals on the back burner and
remaining byJr's side as he struggles to find happiness. Ruth is portrayed as a tolerant,
supportive woman who loyally stands by her husband's side despite his capricious, irrational,
and selfish behavior. She desperately tries to please him and exhausts herself by maintaining
the household and working a part-time job to make ends meet. Despite disagreeing with her
husband on numerous occasions, she supports his dream by attempting to persuadeinto giving him
the insurance money to invest in a liquor business. Ruth also plans on having an abortion in
order to ease the financial burden on Walter Jr and...

What happens in the Battle of the Cowshed in Animal Farm? And explain to me the building of the windmill (chapters 4€“7).

In , Mr.
Jones and all his men enter the gates ofwith the intention of recapturing it.had anticipated an
attack and created an elaborate plan to defend the farm after studying a book on Julius Caesar's
campaigns. Snowball launches his first attack as a light skirmishing maneuver, intended to
create disorder, by sending pigeons and geese to peck the men. Snowball then leads a second
attack alongside Muriel, Benjamin, and all the sheep before quickly retreating.

Jones and his men proceed to follow the animals into the yard where they are ambushed
by three horses, three cows, and the rest of the pigs. The animals viciously attack the
unsuspecting men, andproceeds to wreak havoc on the humans by rearing his legs and kicking a
defenseless stable lad. Snowball also demonstrates bravery by attacking Jones after being shot,
and the humans eventually sprint from the farm as the animals chase them out. Within five
minutes of the invasion, the battle is over, and the animals retain control of the
farm.

In regards to building the windmill,makes the animals work sixty-hour
weeks, and Boxer bears the brunt of the heavy lifting. Boxer drags massive boulders to the top
of the quarry where the animals push them back over the ledge to break the stones into smaller
pieces. They then carry the broken stones back up the hill and use them to construct the
windmill. Unfortunately, the animals do not build the walls thick enough, and it is destroyed
during a violent storm.

How does the Inner Party help Big Brother maintain power?

According
to The Theory and Practice of Oligarchical Collectivism by Emmanuel
Goldstein, and also from 's conversations with , we learn that the Inner Party maintains power
in the following ways.

First, the Inner Party, which is about two percent of
the population of Oceania, understands that it is in power for the sake of power and that it
wants to stay in power forever. This group defines power as forcing people to do things they
don't want to do and to live in ways they would prefer not to live. Above all, this elite want
to maintain a rigid hierarchy, in which they are on top and control all the wealth and power. To
do this, they have to keep people poor. As Goldstein's book explains:

For if leisure and security were enjoyed by all alike, the great
mass of human beings who are normally stupefied by poverty would become literate and would learn
to think for themselves; and when once they had done this, they would sooner or later realize
that the privileged minority had no function, and they would sweep it away. In the long run, a
hierarchical society was only possible on a basis of poverty and ignorance.

Therefore, the Inner Party ensures that Oceania is always in a
state of war, in order to use up excess material goods that would otherwise increase ordinary
people's standard of living.

The Inner Party also has abolished private
property, so everything belongs to the state. The lack of private ownership increases the
control of the tiny elite over people's everyday lives. In addition, the Inner Party uses
technology to put people under constant surveillance, so no rebellion can form and no misdeed go
unpunished. Further, the Inner Party has worked to destroy ties of love and friendship between
individuals and families so that people's only loyalty is to the state. Finally, the Inner Party
is dumbing down the language, removing all but the most essential words so that people will not
have the ability to think complex thoughts.

It's important to note that there
is no real Big Brother. He is simply a fictional figure the Inner Party has invented to
represent the state, just as the Pillsbury Doughboy is a fictional character that represents
Pillsbury products. As Goldstein's book says:

Big Brother
is the guise in which the Party chooses to exhibit itself to the world. His function is to act
as a focusing point for love, fear, and reverence, emotions which are more easily felt towards
an individual than towards an organization.

Evaluate Einstein's contribution to the development of special relativity and the evidence confirming or denying the postulate that the speed of light...

Its
something of a misnomer to state that Einstein contributed to the theory of General and
Special Relativity, when he was, in fact, its creator and main champion for many years. Working
as a Swiss Patent clerk and tutoring in Physics during his off-hours, Einstein penned several
memorable theses that he compiled into one booka compilation of five pieces put together in
1905, which would lay the foundation for his theory of relativity. Famous for his mental
exercises he called Gedanchen or thought experiments, he pondered the question of what light
would look like if an observer was traveling at or near the speed of light. Because the initial
equations that dictated the travel of electromagnetic radiation, and therefore identified the
speed of light, were independent of observers, his conclusion was that light would look the same
to all observers, regardless of speed, and therefore time and space must expand or contract to
ensure that, relative to their speed, light remained constant.

He wrote all
of this down and challenged the scientific community, who widely panned the theory for the
longest time. Eventually, however, through his persistence, he was proved correct through
astronomical measurements. His efforts drastically impacted the field of physics as a whole, has
led to groundbreaking new revelations about the nature of space and time, and has educated
humans on the motion of planets and galaxies and also the nature of black
holes.

Can you offer advice regarding the development of a good thesis about Nathaniel Hawthorne's story, "Young Goodman Brown?"

's story
of "" introduces us to a pious Christian man who leaves his newly-wed wife to travel
in the forest for an undisclosed reason. At the center of the story is Brown's
perceptions of the world, compared with the
realitiesspecifically with regard to his religious beliefs.

This story includes themes common in Hawthorne's work:

...exploring the evil actions of humans and the idea of original sin.

As he enters the woods (where Puritans believed the Devil lived),
Brown meets an old man who is really the Devil, but Brown doesn't know this. As they walk, Brown
senses evil nearby and looks to his ancestors, his religious leaders and his wife, to strengthen
his own resolve to resist it. However, in each case, he learns none of them are what they seem
and that each has been in "congress" with the Devil. At the end, when the Black Mass
starts, Brown sees his wife and tells her to turn away from evil. In a flash, he finds himself
alone. Returning to town,...